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| Casablanca:
A business capital
of increasing importance, and an international metropolis,
whose development is linked to its harbour trade, Casablanca
is today an important center in world affairs. A commercial
and industrial city, Casablanca still retains its strong
religious traditions in the Hassan II Mosque, one of
the most spectacular in the world.
The most recent adornment
to the Kingdom's most modern city is the Hassan II Mosque,
towering majestically from sea to sky. A nave of incomparable
beauty, with a prayer room large enough to hold 25.000
worshippers and an esplanade for a further 80.000. The
Mosque is a gem of religions architecture, subtly mixing
Moroccan tradition with state-of-the-art technology.
The port of Anfa has been spoken of by historiens since
the 12th century as the axis of its neighbouring regions-Chaouia,
Rehamnas and Tadla.
Anfa was their connection
to Europe, enabling export of what cereals, wool, hides,
beeswax and oil they did not consume themselves. These
days, although memories of the past still remain -bazaars,
souks, ramparts around the Old Medina, mosques and marabouts
(including that of Sidi Aderrahman, the most often visited
sanctuary)- Casablanca shows the face of a nation making
rapid progress into the modern world. The Corniche skirting
the shores of the Atlantic, is the place for those who
need a thirst-quencher, a dip in the sea, or an evening
of hot music at one or other of its top-class nightclubs.
Let it not be forgotten that Casablanca has been the
scene of several historic meetings which have had their
influence on the course of history. It was in Casablanca,
in 1943, that His late Majesty Mohammed V, along with
His Majesty Hassan II, then the Crown Prince,welcomed
the three great Heads of State of the World -Churchill,
Roosevelt and De Gaulle-on the occasion of the Anfa
Conference. |
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Rabat:
The capital of a modern
nation, Rabat symbolises the infinite variety of Morocco.
Set in a rich, amber coloured landscape, dotted with
distinctive nettle trees, it elegantly combines an ancient
history with modern culture.
The Kingdom's
capital, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean, has roots buried
deep in a millenium of history-a city so often coveted
by invaders in search of a strategic retreat. Yacoub
El Mansour, the Almohad, erected his tents there in
the 12th century, before the Merinids left their stamp
there in their turn, raising the necropolis of Chellah
upon the ancient Roman city of Sala. In the heart of
the city stands the Tour Hassan, the last vestige of
an unfinished mosque. Behind its marble columns, the
Mohammed V Mausoleum engenders solemn respect and serene
contemplation.
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Meknes:
One of the kingdom's imperial cities, Meknes was
founded in the 11th century and was chosen by Moulay
Ismaïl in 1672 as capital of his empire. The
city's unity of style lends it undeniable charm, enhanced
still further by the beauty of the surrounding countryside.
Moulay Ismaïl's creation was to be much talked
of in the East and in Europe, most especially at the
French court of King Louis XIV. The period was one
of the high points in the city's rich history.
As well as its fabulous
monuments, such as Dar El Makhzen palace, the Sidi Saïd
mosque, Bab El Berdaine, Bab El Khémis, Bab El
Mansour, Bab Jemaâ En Nouar, the Moulay Ismaïl
Mausoleum and the Kouba El Khayatine, Meknes offers
impressive views of the Agdal basin.
Not far from Meknes, the Roman city of Volubilis is
an unforgettable treat for the tourist. The city is
surrounded by 2,5 kilomètres of ramparts, entered
by six gates.
It was a thriving settlement
until the 4th century, and fine mosaics, sculptures
and kitchenware can be seen there. The city's architectural
splendeur gives ample proof of its rich past.
27 kilomètres from Meknes lies the holy city
of Moulay Idriss, harbouring the sanctuary of the founder
of the Idrissid dynasty. A yearly pilgrimage is made
to the city in August and September, a great gathering
of the region's multitude of tribes come to celebrate
in solemn and meditative manner the moussem dedicated
to the Saint of the city.
Visitors return from
Meknes as if awakening from a dream-one might have been
making use of the famous Time Machine. But one will
never forget the skill of its goldsmiths, the dexterity
of its merchants, the workmanship of its woodsculptors
and the friendly hubbub of its souks.
An historic city
whose splendour attracted architects, engineers and
artists, Meknes and its surroundings have remained unchanged
for centuries. At sunset the Imperial city glows as
the ramparts reflect the fading light. You can relax
in the col of its lush gardens. Or you can lose yourself
in history at Moulya Idriss, by the tomb of the founder
of the first Arab dynasty and among the ruins of the
ancient Roman city of Volubilis.
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Fez:
The Holy City
of Fez is a jewel of Spanish-Arabic civilisation. Fez
does not reveal its secrets easily. Secretive, shadowy,
they need to be discovered little by little, with reverence.
Only in this way can the splendours of Medrsa architecture
be fully appreciated. Only in this way will the call
of the medina temt you. Bustling with artisans and merchants,
its captivating sounds, fragrances and colours mesmerise
the visitor with a constant swirl of activity.
The city of Moulay Idriss lst, sanctuary of human and
moral sciences. The great À Karaouiyne University
bas for eleven centuries been a religions and intellectuel
centre whose influence bas spread far beyond the Kingdom's
boundaries. In 789, a pick-axe of silver and gold -"fas"
in Arabic - was presented to Idriss lst to use in tracing
the outlines of the city. Hence the name of the city,
which lies at the far eastern end of the plain of Saïss,
bordered to the south by the hills outlying the Atlas
Mountains. Cradle of religions, cultural and artistic
traditions, Fes, the double city, is the kingdom's spiritual
capital. The Andalousian mosque, dating from the 9th
century, and further embellished by successive rulers,
is accessed through a mighty door of sculpted cedar.
An imposing minaret decorated with green faiences crowns
the Rsif Mosque. The medersas around the Karaouiyne
Mosque, former lodging houses for students coming from
outside the city, attest the importance of its thousand
years of history.
In the Medina, a labyrinth
of sloping, winding alleyways are crammed full of stalls
and workshops. This is the famed Kissaria -the commercial
centre. A multitude of locally produced goods are on
sale in this incredible maze-cotton fabric, silk, brocadework,
slippers, and many more.
The craftsmen of the
El Atterine souk offer the visitor a non-stop spectacle.
For hundreds of years such work bas been regulated by
traditional guilds, ensuring that its quality is worthy
of the city. Each district has its own speciality :
cobalt blue enamelled pottery, carpets, wrought iron
... one looks on as the dyer stirs his yarns, steeped
in their multitude of colours, as the tanner tramples
his skins under an open sky -skins that the leather-worker
will eventually adorn with fine gilt for book-binding.
Leaving the souks through
the Boujeloud gate with its décoration of green
and blue faiences, the riches contained in the wonderful
Museum of Moroccan Art await one. And the last marvel
of all -the Jamaî Palace, transformed in 1930
into a luxury hotel, an incomparably elegant structure
renowned for the quality of its cuisine. |
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Marrakech:
The first feeling
one bas when entering this particular imperial capital
is of pure enchantment. We are bewitched-falling under
the spell of the place and its people, folk artists
to their very souls who have only one aim in view to
make a stay in their city as entrancing an expérience
as possible. With its world-famous square, Jamaâ
El Fna, the beacon city of the Almoravids was founded
in about 1070 with a view to controlling traffic from
the nearby Atlas. It was from this rudimentary settlement
that the earliest conquests were launched. Abou Bakr,
head of the Almoravids, undertook the construction of
a kasbah, nicknamed the "stone castle" only
yards away from the present site of the Koutoubia.
Marrakesh became the
capital of a vast empire in the reign of Youssef Ben
Tachfine-an empire which, under the Almohads, reached
as for as the frontiers of Libya.
The first Almohad sovereign,
Abdelmoumen began the construction of the Koutoubia
mosque, which his grandson Yacoub El Mansour adorned
with a superb minaret, still standing today. His son
Youssef had reservoirs dug and a spreading administrative
district constructed
-Marrakesh reached the height of its glory. Built in
the same epoch as Seville's "la Giralda" and
Rabat's "Tour Hassan", the Koutoubia, dating
from the 11th century, is a truc masterpiece of hispano-moorish
art. Its minaret rises to almost 70 metres.
The Badii Palace bas
long been regarded as a wonder of the Muslim world.
It was the sovereign Ahmed El Mansour Dahbi who undertook
construction of the palace following his victory over
the Portuguese in the year 986 of the hejira (1578),
a victory well-known in the Western World under the
name of the Battle of the Three Kings. The major construction
work went on for sixteen years. Other marvels to be
found in the Red City are the Dar Si Said museum, containing
much quintessential Moroccan art and displaying the
glittering array of gold and marble ornements collected
by Ahmed El Mansour (1578-1603), greatest of Saadian
rulers, the Medersa Ben Youssef, a koranic school founded
in 1570 by Moulay Abdallah and a truc masterpiece of
Merinid architecture, the Agdal gardens, laid out in
the 12th century during the reign of Abdelmoumen and
the Menara, a magnificent artificiel lake fringed with
flowers ...
Framed by the
snowy heights of the Atlas, with rose-coloured ramparts
and a thousand year old palm grove, Marrakesh casts
a magic spell. Sumptuous and exuberant, it radiates
splendour and mysticism ; at the dye merchants, in the
explosion of multicoloured wools ; at Festival time,
in the rhythm of the music, in the emotion of the dancers
; in the idle talk of the merchants and in the skill
of the jugglers. Enchantment, you feel in the shade
of the blue gardens and in the overwhelming perfection
of the Koutoubia.
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